삼상 22:11-23 아히멜렉 가문을 죽이는 사울

¹¹ Then the king sent to summon Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father’s house, the priests who were at Nob, and all of them came to the king. ¹² And Saul said, “Hear now, son of Ahitub.” And he answered, “Here I am, my lord.” ¹³ And Saul said to him, “Why have you conspired against me, you and the son of Jesse, in that you have given him bread and a sword and ^uhave inquired of God for him, so that he has risen against me, ^wto lie in wait, as at this day?” ¹⁴ Then Ahimelech answered the king, “And who among all your servants is so faithful as David, who is the king’s son-in-law, and captain over³ your bodyguard, and honored in your house? ¹⁵ Is today the first time ^uthat I have inquired of God for him? No! Let not the king impute anything to his servant or to all the house of my father, for your servant has known nothing of all this, ^xmuch or little.” ¹⁶ And the king said, “You shall surely die, Ahimelech, you and all your father’s house.” ¹⁷ And the king said to ^ythe guard who stood about him, “Turn and kill the priests of the Lord, because their hand also is with David, and they knew that he fled and did not disclose it to me.” But the servants of the king would not put out their hand to strike the priests of the Lord. ¹⁸ Then the king said to Doeg, “You turn and strike the priests.” And Doeg the Edomite turned and struck down the priests, ^zand he killed on that day eighty-five persons who wore the linen ephod. ¹⁹ And Nob, the city of the priests, he put to the sword; ^aboth man and woman, child and infant, ox, donkey and sheep, he put to the sword.
²⁰ But one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named ^bAbiathar, escaped and fled after David. ²¹ And Abiathar told David that Saul had killed the priests of the Lord. ²² And David said to Abiathar, “I knew on that day, ^cwhen Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul. I have occasioned the death of all the persons of your father’s house. ^23 dStay with me; do not be afraid, for he who seeks my life seeks your life. With me you shall be in safekeeping.”

 The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton: Standard Bible Society, 2001), 삼상 22:11–23.

11-15절) 아히멜렉과 제사장들을 소환하여 조사하는 사울

First, he provided a fivefold defense of David: far from being Saul’s enemy, David was (1) “your servant,” (2) “loyal,” (3) “the king’s son-in-law,” (4) “captain of your bodyguard,” and (5) “highly respected in your household” (v. 14). Second, Ahimelech characterized his priestly actions toward David as routine. Although it was true that he “inquired of God for” David, this “was not the first time” (v. 15). Third, the priest affirmed his loyalty to Saul, calling himself “your servant.” Finally, Ahimelech declared his noninvolvement in any plot against Saul: he “knows nothing at all about this whole affair.”

 Robert D. Bergen, 1, 2 Samuel, vol. 7, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 229.

- 이에 대해서 다윗을 변호하는 아히멜렉. 

16-19절) 왕이 다윗을 도왔다는 이유로 아히멜렉과 그 집안을 멸할것을 명한다. 하지만 오휘병들이 머뭇거리자 사울은 에돔 사람 도엑에게 명하여 제사장들을 살육하는데 이때 에봇 입은자가 85명 죽었고 그 성읍의 남녀, 아이, 젖먹이, 가축들이 살육당했다. 이는 이스라엘이 가나안에 입성할때 하나님을 대적하는 이방인들을 멸하는 ‘헤렘’을 떠오르게 한다. 

20절) 아비아달 :  Abiathar, the one priest who escaped the massacre at Nob, will bring the ephod (see note on 21:9) with him when he comes to David (23:6). Thus the true priesthood and priestly counsel move from Saul to David. Abiathar will remain with David as his priest until David’s death (2 Sam. 20:25), helping him against Absalom (2 Sam. 15:27–29; 17:15; 19:11). Solomon will eventually banish him (1 Sam. 2:33; 1 Kings 2:26–27).

 Crossway Bibles, The ESV Study Bible (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008), 528.

22절) 아비아달의 이야기를 듣고 이들이 죽은 것이 자신의 책임이라고 말하는 다윗, 그가 직접 사울을 죽이려고 모의했거나 한 행동은 없지만 이것을 자기 책임이라고 인정한다. 다윗은 자신을 찾아와 이를 알린 아비아달의 안전을 위해서 자신과 함께 있을 것을 제안한다.