삼상 7:12-17 사무엘의 다스림(에벤에셀)

삼상 7:12-17

¹² Then Samuel ^mtook a stone and set it up between Mizpah and Shen¹ and called its name Ebenezer;² for he said, “Till now the Lord has helped us.” 13 ⁿSo the Philistines were subdued and did not again enter the territory of Israel. And the hand of the Lord was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel. 14 The cities that the Philistines had taken from Israel were restored to Israel, from Ekron to Gath, and Israel delivered their territory from the hand of the Philistines. There was peace also between Israel and the Amorites.

^15 oSamuel judged Israel all the days of his life. ¹⁶ And he went on a circuit year by year to Bethel, Gilgal, and Mizpah. And he judged Israel in all these places. ¹⁷ Then he would return to ^pRamah, for his home was there, and there also he judged Israel. ^qAnd he built there an altar to the Lord.

^m Gen. 28:18; 31:45; 35:14; Josh. 4:9; 24:26
¹ Hebrew; Septuagint, Syriac Jeshanah
² Ebenezer means stone of help
ⁿ [Judg. 13:1]
^o ver. 6; ch. 12:11; [Judg. 2:16]
^p ch. 1:19
^q [ch. 14:35; Judg. 21:4]

 The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton: Standard Bible Society, 2001), 삼상 7:12–17.

12절) 사무엘이 미스바와 센 사이에 돌을 취하여 에벤에셀이라 칭함(여호와께서 지금까지(여기까지) 우리를 도우셨다.)

- 본문의 " הֵנָּה hennah”는 “here and now” 의 의미로 지금까지, 여기까지라는 의미이다. 이는 장소적, 시간적 의미를 모두 지닌다. 여호와의 도우심이 이처럼 광범위하다는 의미이다. 

- 에벤에셀은 “도움의 돌”이라는 의미이다. 성경에서 여호와를 반석으로 칭하는데 이는 돌이 가지고 있는 견고함을 상징한다. 하나님은 견고한 하나님이시며 동시에 도움의 하나님이시다. 

in the Psalms the Lord is frequently praised as a Helper (cf. Pss 10:14; 33:20; 40:17; 46:1; 63:7; 115:9–11; 118:7; 146:5).

 Robert D. Bergen, 1, 2 Samuel, vol. 7, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 108.

- 나는 하나님을 어떻게 고백하고 있는가? 

14절)에그론과 가드는 블레셋 다섯 도시중 동쪽에 위치한 도시로 이스라엘에 가장 근접한 지역이었다. 그래서 이스라엘과 가장 충돌이 잦았다. 

16절) 벧엘, 길갈, 미스바(사무엘이 온 이스라엘을 다스림)

- 사무엘은 이상적인 지도자로 표현된다.   7:6, 15, 16, 17

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-  The site of Gilgal has not yet been identified. It was the place on “the east border of Jericho” where Joshua and the Israelites camped after crossing the Jordan River (Josh. 4:19, etc.). This ancient city was a place of worship and sacrifice in the Benjaminite district. Gilgal was important in the kingship of Saul: he was ordered to go there and wait on God after his private anointing (1 Sam. 10:1); there the people made him king (11:15); and there his perpetual (i.e., dynastic) kingship was rejected (13:8–15) and finally negated (15:23). Later, in the eighth century, Amos (Amos 4:4; 5:5) and Hosea (Hos. 4:15; 9:15; 12:11) denounced Gilgal, along with Bethel, as an active but illegitimate place of worship.

 Crossway Bibles, The ESV Study Bible (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008), 503.

-  Both Mizpah and Bethel were cities that had functioned as gathering places for the entire nation during the period of the Judges (cf. Judg 20:1, 18, 26; 21:1–2); Gilgal had been a national religious shrine since the days of Joshua (cf. Josh 5:2–10) and perhaps an early administrative center as well (cf. Josh 14:6).

 Robert D. Bergen, 1, 2 Samuel, vol. 7, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 109.

17절) 라마에 단을 쌓은 행위는 정당화 될 수 있는가? 

-  Samuel enhanced the religious significance of his hometown Ramah by building “an altar there to the Lord” (v. 17). Since the Torah prohibited the offering of sacrifices at local sites (cf. Deut 12:13–14), Samuel’s construction of such a site implies strongly that Shiloh had been destroyed.

 Robert D. Bergen, 1, 2 Samuel, vol. 7, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 109.

사무엘은…..

For “all Israel” he (1) was a prophet (3:20; 4:1); (2) led in repentance and recommitment to the Lord (7:3, 5); (3) was recognized as a judge (8:4); (4) had the influence to select Israel’s first king (10:17–25); and (5) was mourned when he died (25:1).

 Robert D. Bergen, 1, 2 Samuel, vol. 7, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 109.