삼상 8:10-22 이스라엘을 다스릴 왕은...

Samuel’s Warning Against Kings
¹⁰ So Samuel told all the words of the Lord to the people who were asking for a king from him. 11 He said, ^y“These will be the ways of the king who will reign over you: ^zhe will take your sons and appoint them to his chariots and to be his horsemen and to run before his chariots. 12 And he will appoint for himself commanders of thousands and commanders of fifties, and some ^ato plow his ground and to reap his harvest, and to make his implements of war and the equipment of his chariots. 13 He will take your daughters to be perfumers and cooks and bakers. 14 ^bHe will take the best of your fields and vineyards and olive orchards and give them to his servants. 15 He will take the tenth of your grain and of your vineyards and give it to his officers and to his servants. 16 He will take your male servants and female servants and the best of your young men¹ and your donkeys, and put them to his work. 17 He will take the tenth of your flocks, and you shall be his slaves. 18 And in that day you will cry out because of your king, whom you have chosen for yourselves, ^cbut the Lord will not answer you in that day.”
The Lord Grants Israel’s Request
19 But the people refused to obey the voice of Samuel. And they said, “No! But there shall be a king over us, 20 ^dthat we also may be like all the nations, and that our king may judge us and go out before us and fight our battles.” 21 And when Samuel had heard all the words of the people, he repeated them in the ears of the Lord. 22 And the Lord said to Samuel, ^e“Obey their voice and make them a king.” Samuel then said to the men of Israel, “Go every man to his city.”

^y ch. 10:25; See Deut. 17:16–20
^z ch. 14:52
^a See Gen. 45:6
^b 1 Kgs. 21:7; [Ezek. 46:18]
¹ Septuagint cattle
^c Prov. 1:28; Isa. 1:15; Mic. 3:4
^d ver. 5
^e ver. 7; [Hos. 13:11]

 The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton: Standard Bible Society, 2001), 삼상 8:10–22.

하나님께 왕을 요구하는 이스라엘

- Samuel was stung by the people’s rejection of his efforts, but the source of their demand was not to be found in their relationship with him or his sons. Instead, it lay in their troubled relationship with God; Israel had rejected the Lord as their king (cf. Num 14:11). The people’s demand for an earthly king represented the political manifestation of a spiritual problem.

 Robert D. Bergen, 1, 2 Samuel, vol. 7, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 117.

그 이유는 하나님과의 관계에 있다. 이스라엘은 지금 하나님을 왕으로 모시는 것을 거절하고 있는 것이다. 그들은 지금 자신들을 둘러싼 여러 문제의 해결자로 보이지 않는 하나님이 아니라 이땅가운데 보이는 왕을 요구하는 것이다. 하지만 이러한 요구는 얼마나 미련한 것인지...

11절) 왕의 제도(미스팟의 의미)

-  the ways of the king. The word translated “ways” (Hb. mishpat, “judgment, decision, rule, justice, custom”) appears frequently in Samuel. In 2:13 it referred to the “customs” or “rights” of the priest (see note on 2:12–13; also Deut. 18:3, “this shall be the priest’s due from the people”). In 1 Sam. 8:3, Samuel’s sons “perverted mishpat.” In 10:25, Samuel writes the mishpat of the king in a book. Here one might paraphrase it as “normal kingly ways.” Some of these things were the normal cost of a central, standing administration, but others indicate a predictable abuse of power (see note on 8:14–15). There is no reason to think this passage comes from a later writer disillusioned with the Israelite monarchy.

 Crossway Bibles, The ESV Study Bible (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008), 504.

1) 아들들을 데려다가 병거와 말을 어거하게 하고 그 앞을 달리게 함

2) 아들중의 일부는 천부방, 오십부장을 삼고 자신의 밭을 갈고 추수하게 하고 무기와 병거의 장비를 만들게 함

3) 딸을 데려다가 향료를 만들게 하고 요리, 떡을 굽게 함

4) 밭과 포도원 감람원에서 제일 좋은것을 가져다가 신하들에게 줌

5) 곡식과 포도열매의 십일조를 거둬 자기의 관리, 신하들에게 줌

6) 너희의 남녀 노비와 나귀를 끌어다가 자기 일을 시킴

7) 양떼의 십분의 일을 거둬감

8) 너희가 그의 종이 될 것임

그럼에도 불구하고 왕을 요구하는 이스라엘, 그로 인하여 여호와께서 이스라엘에게 응답하지 않으실 것임. 

- 하나님의 경고에도 불구하고 자신들의 생각을 돌이키지 않는 백성들. 앞서 언급된 문제들을 보기 보다 도리어 왕이 자신들을 구원할 것이라는 착각을 가지고 왕을 요청함

20절) 다른 나라와 같이 되기를 원함, 왕의 다스림이 자신들에게 안전을 보장할 것이라고 착각, 자신들을 대신해 왕이 싸움을 할 것을 기대함.