요 6:22-40 생명의 떡이신 주님

I Am the Bread of Life
²² On the next day the crowd that remained on the other side of the sea saw that there had been only ^done boat there, and that Jesus had not entered the boat with his disciples, but that his disciples had gone away alone. 23 Other boats from Tiberias came near the place where they had eaten the bread after the Lord ^ehad given thanks. 24 ^fSo when the crowd saw that Jesus was not there, nor his disciples, they themselves got into the boats and ^gwent to Capernaum, seeking Jesus.
25 When they found him on the other side of the sea, they said to him, ^h“Rabbi, when did you come here?” 26 Jesus answered them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, ⁱyou are seeking me, not because you saw ^jsigns, but because you ate your fill of the loaves. 27 ^kDo not work for the food that perishes, but for ^lthe food that endures to eternal life, which ^mthe Son of Man will give to you. For on ⁿhim God the Father has ^oset his seal.” 28 Then they said to him, “What must we do, to be doing ^pthe works of God?” 29 Jesus answered them, “This is the work of God, ^qthat you believe in him whom ^rhe has sent.” 30 So they said to him, ^s“Then what sign do you do, that we may see and believe you? What work do you perform? 31 ^tOur fathers ate the manna in the wilderness; as it is written, ^u‘He gave them bread from heaven to eat.’ ” 32 Jesus then said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, it was not Moses who gave you the bread from heaven, but my Father gives you the true bread from heaven. 33 For the bread of God is ^vhe who comes down from heaven and gives life to the world.” 34 They said to him, ^w“Sir, give us this bread always.”
35 Jesus said to them, ^x“I am the bread of life; ^ywhoever comes to me shall not hunger, and whoever believes in me shall never thirst. 36 But I said to you that you have seen me and yet do not believe. 37 ^zAll that ^athe Father gives me will come to me, and ^bwhoever comes to me I will never cast out. 38 For ^cI have come down from heaven, not to do ^dmy own will but ^dthe will of him ^ewho sent me. 39 And ^fthis is the will of him who sent me, ^gthat I should lose nothing of ^hall that he has given me, but ⁱraise it up on the last day. 40 For this is the will of my Father, that everyone who ^jlooks on the Son and ^kbelieves in him ^lshould have eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.”

 The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton: Standard Bible Society, 2001), 요 6:22–40.

22-24절) 앞서 오병이어의 기적을 통해서 떡을 먹은 이들이 예수님을 찾아 디베랴에서 가버나움으로 찾아옴. 디베랴에서 오병이어의 기적을 행하셨고 그 떡을 먹기 위해서, 그 기적을 경험하기 위해서 디베랴를 찾았으나 그곳에 예수와 그분의 제자들이 없음을 알고 그분을 찾다가 가버나움까지 온 것이다. 그들이 주님을 찾은 이유는 이후 26절에서도 에수님께서 직접 말씀하시지만 떡을 먹고 배부른 까닭이었다. 

26-27절) “진실로 진실로”, 너희가 나를 찾는 것은 표적을 본 까닭이 아니요 떡을 먹고 배부른 까닭이다. 그러기에 썩는 양식을 위해서 일하지 말고 영생하도록 있는 양식을 위하여 하라. 그리고 이 양식은 인자가 우리에게 주실 것이다. / 이땅을 살아가는 우리의 태도, 분별력, 내가 추구하며 살아가는 삶의 목적, 목표가 썩는 양식인지 영생하도록 있는 양식인지를 분별할줄 알아야 한다. / 썩을 인생, 마지막 심판의 불앞에서 불타 없어질 것인지? 그 불을 견디고도 남을 것들인지에 대한 이해가 필요하다. 

-  The people certainly saw the miracle (in fact, their stomachs digested it) but they failed to recognize the sign in the miracle. The meaning of “sign” in this Gospel is that it points beyond the physical, concrete reality to the reality of revelation. It provides insight into who Jesus is.

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 1–11, vol. 25A, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 261–262.

28-29절) 영원히 변치 않는 양식을 추구하는 삶을 살라고 주님께서 말씀하시는데 무리들은 어떻게 하나님의 일을 하면 좋겠습니까라고 묻는다. 물음의 초점이 맞지 않는다. 마땅히 그 양식은 무엇인지? 하나님께서 인치신 주님, 인자가 주시는 그 양식을 얻을 수 있는 방법이 무엇인지를 물어야 하는데 이들은 하나님의 일을 하는 것에 대해서 궁금히 여긴다. 이에 대해서 주님께서는 이 둘을 충족시키시는 대답을 하신다. 그것은 바로 “하나님의 보내신 자를 믿는 것이 하나님의 일이다”라고 말씀하신 것이다.

- The interplay between working and believing is crucial to the concept of salvation in John. On the one hand, a person cannot earn acceptability with God by working for it. On the other hand, acceptability with God cannot be on the basis of “belief” in a mere theological formulation about God. Thus the noun “faith” (pistis) does not occur in John’s Gospel.⁹² He chose instead to use only the verb “believe” (pisteuein), and he almost equated it with “obey” (cf. 3:36). Acceptability with God is a relationship God gives (6:27), therefore, and both believing and obeying are parallel ways one acknowledges dependence on God. As the Son always responded appropriately to the Father, people are to respond to the Son, who was sent by the Father (6:29). That is precisely the way John understood the call of Jesus to the Jews here.

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 1–11, vol. 25A, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 262–263.

 

30-31절) 이에 무엇으로 당신을 믿을 수 있는가? 표적을 달라고 요청하는데 이에 대해서 주님께서는 모세를 통해서 광야에서 만나를 먹이신 것처럼 너희를 먹이시겠다라고 말씀하신다. 이 말씀을 통해서 우리는 출애굽과 유월절의 모티브를, 모세와 같은 선지자로서의 예수님의 모습을, 그리고 하나님께서 다시한번 메시야 시대에 만나를 먹이실 것에 대한 기대를 불러일으킨다.

- The OT reference seems to involve several passages, with Ps. 78:23–24 being the most prominent (see also Ex. 16:4, 15; Neh. 9:15; Ps. 105:40). The passage sustains links with (1) the exodus and Passover motifs, (2) the characterization of Jesus as the Prophet like Moses, and (3) the expectation that God would provide manna once again in the messianic age.

 Crossway Bibles, The ESV Study Bible (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008), 2034.

-  double-level insight (cf. two temples, 2:19; two births, 3:3; two winds/spirits, 3:8; two waters, 4:10).

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 1–11, vol. 25A, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 263.

35절) 내가 생명의 떡이다. 지금 대화의 주제, 그들의 관심사인 떡에 대해서 이야기하고 있다. 주님이 허락하신 떡을 먹는 자는 결코 주리지 않을 것이다. 지금 주님은 일시적인 떡의 문제가 아니라 영원의 이야기를 하고 계신 것이다. / 또한 먹고 마시는 것에 대한 이미지를 다루고 있다. 

-  Jesus’ claim, “I am the bread of life,” constitutes the first of seven “I am” sayings recorded in this Gospel (see chart). Apart from these sayings there are also several absolute statements where Jesus refers to himself as “I am” (e.g., v. 20; 8:24, 28, 58; 18:5), in keeping with the reference to God as “I am” in Ex. 3:14 and the book of Isaiah (e.g., Isa. 41:4; 43:10, 25). Jesus is the “bread of life” in the sense that he nourishes people spiritually and satisfies the deep spiritual longings of their souls. In that sense, those who trust in him shall not hunger; that is, their spiritual longing to know God will be satisfied (cf. John 4:14 for a similar discussion of satisfying people’s spiritual thirst).

 Crossway Bibles, The ESV Study Bible (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008), 2035.

* Jesus’ “I Am” Statements

Absolute “I am” statements	6:20; 8:24, 28, 58; 18:5
Metaphorical “I am” statements
1.I am the bread of life	6:35, 48, 51
2.I am the light of the world	8:12; 9:5
3.I am the door of the sheep	10:7, 9
4.I am the good shepherd	10:11, 14
5.I am the resurrection and the life	11:25
6.I am the way, the truth, and the life	14:6
7.I am the true vine	15:1

 Crossway Bibles, The ESV Study Bible (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008), 2041.

 

37절) 내게 오는 자는 내가 결코 내어 쫓지 아니하리라

-  Whoever comes to me I will never cast out implies that people should never think, “Maybe I am not chosen by God, and therefore maybe Jesus will reject me when I come to him.” Jesus promises to receive everyone who comes to him and trusts him for salvation. Yet, a few verses later (v. 44) Jesus states the paradoxical and corresponding truth that once people come to Jesus, they will realize that behind their willing decision to come and believe lies the mysterious, invisible work of the Father who all along was drawing them to Christ. See Romans 9; Eph. 1:3–6

 Crossway Bibles, The ESV Study Bible (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008), 2035.

38-40절) 예수께서 성육신하심으로 내려오신 이유는 아버지의 뜻을 행하기 위해서 이다. 아버지의 뜻은 주님께 주신 자 중에 하나도 잃어 보리지 아니하고 마지막 날에 다시 살리는 것이다. 다시 말하면 아들을 보고 믿는자에게 영생을 얻게 하는 것이다.