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David Marries Michal
17 Then Saul said to David, “Here is vmy elder daughter Merab. wI will give her to you for a wife. Only be valiant for me xand fight the Lord’s battles.” For Saul thought, “Let not my hand be against him, ybut let the hand of the Philistines be against him.” 18 And David said to Saul, z“Who am I, and who are my relatives, my father’s clan in Israel, that I should be son-in-law to the king?” 19 But at the time when Merab, Saul’s daughter, should have been given to David, she was given to aAdriel the bMeholathite for a wife.
20 Now vSaul’s daughter Michal cloved David. And they told Saul, and the thing pleased him. 21 Saul thought, “Let me give her to him, that she may dbe a snare for him eand that the hand of the Philistines may be against him.” Therefore Saul said to David a second time,2 f“You shall now be my son-in-law.” 22 And Saul commanded his servants, “Speak to David in private and say, ‘Behold, the king has delight in you, and all his servants love you. Now then become the king’s son-in-law.’ ” 23 And Saul’s servants spoke those words in the ears of David. And David said, g“Does it seem to you a little thing to become the king’s son-in-law, since I am a poor man and have no reputation?” 24 And the servants of Saul told him, “Thus and so did David speak.” 25 Then Saul said, “Thus shall you say to David, ‘The king desires no hbride-price except a hundred foreskins of the Philistines, ithat he may be avenged of the king’s enemies.’ ” jNow Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines. 26 And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king’s son-in-law. kBefore the time had expired, 27 David arose and went, lalong with his men, and killed two hundred of the Philistines. mAnd David brought their foreskins, which were given in full number to the king, that he might become the king’s son-in-law. And Saul gave him his daughter Michal for a wife. 28 But when Saul saw and knew that nthe Lord was with David, oand that Michal, Saul’s daughter, loved him, 29 Saul was even more afraid of David. So Saul was David’s enemy continually.
30 pThen the commanders of the Philistines came out to battle, and as often as they came out qDavid had more success than all the servants of Saul, so that his name was highly esteemed.
17 Then Saul said to David, “Here is vmy elder daughter Merab. wI will give her to you for a wife. Only be valiant for me xand fight the Lord’s battles.” For Saul thought, “Let not my hand be against him, ybut let the hand of the Philistines be against him.” 18 And David said to Saul, z“Who am I, and who are my relatives, my father’s clan in Israel, that I should be son-in-law to the king?” 19 But at the time when Merab, Saul’s daughter, should have been given to David, she was given to aAdriel the bMeholathite for a wife.
20 Now vSaul’s daughter Michal cloved David. And they told Saul, and the thing pleased him. 21 Saul thought, “Let me give her to him, that she may dbe a snare for him eand that the hand of the Philistines may be against him.” Therefore Saul said to David a second time,2 f“You shall now be my son-in-law.” 22 And Saul commanded his servants, “Speak to David in private and say, ‘Behold, the king has delight in you, and all his servants love you. Now then become the king’s son-in-law.’ ” 23 And Saul’s servants spoke those words in the ears of David. And David said, g“Does it seem to you a little thing to become the king’s son-in-law, since I am a poor man and have no reputation?” 24 And the servants of Saul told him, “Thus and so did David speak.” 25 Then Saul said, “Thus shall you say to David, ‘The king desires no hbride-price except a hundred foreskins of the Philistines, ithat he may be avenged of the king’s enemies.’ ” jNow Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines. 26 And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king’s son-in-law. kBefore the time had expired, 27 David arose and went, lalong with his men, and killed two hundred of the Philistines. mAnd David brought their foreskins, which were given in full number to the king, that he might become the king’s son-in-law. And Saul gave him his daughter Michal for a wife. 28 But when Saul saw and knew that nthe Lord was with David, oand that Michal, Saul’s daughter, loved him, 29 Saul was even more afraid of David. So Saul was David’s enemy continually.
30 pThen the commanders of the Philistines came out to battle, and as often as they came out qDavid had more success than all the servants of Saul, so that his name was highly esteemed.
17-19절) 다윗을 질투한 사울, 그래서 다윗을 자신의 손에 피를 대지 않고 죽이기 위해서 자신의 맏딸, 메랍을 주면서 블레셋과 싸우게 함, 이에 다윗은 자신의 가문이 왕의 사위가 되기에 부족하다고 생각하였는데 그때 맏딸은 다른 사람, 므홀랏 사람 아드리엘에게 주게 된다.
21절) 미갈이 다윗에게 올무가 되는 이유. 첫번째로 그녀를 얻기 위해서 과도한 값(블레셋 100인의 포피)을 요구받았는데 이 과정중에 생명이 위험하게 됨, 두번째로 여인 자체가 영적인 부패의 위험이 될 수 있다.
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The term translated as “snare” (Hb. môqēš) is a theologically significant one, used three times in the Torah to describe the dangers of idols and idol worshipers (Exod 23:33; 34:12; Deut 7:16). Perhaps Saul was spiritually astute enough to recognize that in marriage his daughter’s idolatrous inclinations (cf. 19:13) could easily lead David astray, in which case David would become the Lord’s enemy and come to a disastrous end. Thus Saul was especially eager to provide David with “a second opportunity” to become a “son-in-law” to the king and spoke to David directly about it.
Robert D. Bergen, 1, 2 Samuel, vol. 7, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 204.
- 여기서 사용된 올무라는 표현이 구약 율법서에 3번 사용된다.
20-25절) 이어 미갈이 다윗을 사랑함을 알게된 사울은 또다른 계략을 꾸민다. 미갈을 얻기 위해 블레셋을 치게하였다. 이를 신하들을 통해서 비밀리에 말하도록 한다. 왕과 모든 신하들이 모두 기뻐하기에 다윗 네가 왕의 사위가 되기에 충분하다라고 전한다. 하지만 다윗은 왕의 사위가 되는 일은 작은 일이 아니고 자신은 가난하고 천한 집안 사람이라고 대답한다. 이에 사울은 좀더 적극적으로 신부값으로 블레셋 사람 100명의 포피를 요구한다.
- 사울은 여기서 앞서 약속한 것을 지키지 않고 비밀리에 자신의 이야기를 알리는 방식으로 다윗을 올무에 빠뜨리려고 하고 있다. 결국에는 왕의 원수의 보복으로 구체적으로 100명의 목숨을 요구하고 있는 것이다.
26-30절) 사울의 제안을 듣고 이를 다윗이 좋게 여겨서 결혼할 날이 차기 전에 다윗이 부하들을 데리고 나가서 블레셋 사람을 쳐 죽이고 그들에게서 포피를 가져다가 왕에게 바치고 미갈을 아내로 얻게 된다. 이에 사울은 여호와께서 그와 함께 하심을 보았고 더욱 그를 두려워하여 다윗을 평생 대적으로 여기게 된다.
- 겸손하던 사울이 이제 자신의 왕권을 지키기 위해서 위협이 되는 존재를 죽이려고 한다. 다윗은 이를 아는지 모르는지 점점 왕권의 내부로 한걸음씩 나아간다. 자신은 왕의 사위가 되기에 부족하기에 이를 거절했지만 자신의 위협이 되는 다윗을 죽이기 위해서 자신의 딸을 올무로 내건 것이 도리어 사위의 자리로 나아가게 만드는 것이다. 하나님이 일하시면 어떤 올무나 방해도 문제가 될 수 없다.
- 위협의 상황이 하나님이 함께 하시기에 더욱 그를 존귀히 만드는 계기가 된다.
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