요 13:21-30 유다가 주님을 배신할 것을 말씀하심

One of You Will Betray Me
²¹ After saying these things, ^vJesus was troubled in his spirit, and testified, ^w“Truly, truly, I say to you, ^xone of you will betray me.” 22 ^yThe disciples looked at one another, uncertain of whom he spoke. 23 ^zOne of his disciples, whom Jesus loved, was reclining at table ^aat Jesus’ side,⁵ 24 so Simon Peter motioned to him to ask Jesus⁶ of whom he was speaking. 25 ^bSo that disciple, ^cleaning back against Jesus, said to him, “Lord, who is it?” 26 Jesus answered, ^d“It is he to whom I will give this morsel of bread ^ewhen I have dipped it.” So when he had dipped the morsel, ^fhe gave it to Judas, ^gthe son of Simon Iscariot. 27 Then after he had taken the morsel, ^hSatan entered into him. Jesus said to him, ⁱ“What you are going to do, do quickly.” 28 Now no one at the table knew why he said this to him. 29 Some thought that, ^jbecause Judas had the moneybag, Jesus was telling him, “Buy what we need ^kfor the feast,” or that he should ^lgive something to the poor. 30 So, after receiving the morsel of bread, he immediately went out. ^mAnd it was night.

 The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton: Standard Bible Society, 2001), 요 13:21–30.

21-22절) 자신의 임박한 죽음과 제자중 한명이 자신을 배신할 것을 아시고 마음 아파하시는 주님, 이에 혼란스러워하며 서로를 의심하는 제자들,  

-  As indicated earlier, it is important to recognize that in the incarnation Jesus experienced human senses of need (cf. his thirst 4:9; 19:28) and deep feelings or emotions (cf. 2:17; 11:33, 38; 12:27)

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 12–21, vol. 25B, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2002), 91.

-  Jesus was desperately serious, and they could undoubtedly gain that sense from the troubled state of his spirit. In the Synoptics the questioning is more pointed. Matthew (26:22) and Mark (14:19) describe the disciples asking “Is it I?” whereas Luke shows them questioning one another. But the answer was not very obvious.

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 12–21, vol. 25B, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2002), 91.

23절) 예수의 사랑하시는 제자(요한)이 예수님 옆에 기대어서 묻는다. 이 자세는 특별한 만찬에서 가까운 사람과 가지는 특별한 자세다. 이 자세를 놓고 볼때 한팔은 괴고 누운 자세인데 아마도 예수의 사랑하시는 자는 예수님의 왼쪽에 위치했을 것이다. 

-  On reclining, see note on 12:2. In such a situation it would be easy for John to lean back a bit and whisper privately to Jesus, as he does in 13:25. See also 21:20.

 Crossway Bibles, The ESV Study Bible (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008), 2051.

26절) 똑 한조각을 적셔다 주는 자, 요한은 이렇게 표현하지만 마태와 마가는 그릇에 손을 넣는 자라고 표현하고 있다. 당시 애찬식을 생각해보면 이렇게 떡을 떼어서 포도주에 적셔서 먹곤 했다. 그리고 본문은 이 유다가 가룟 시몬의 아들이라고 좀더 명확하게 설명하고 있다. 

-  The dipping is also mentioned in Matthew (26:23) and Mark (14:20), though not in Luke; but in contrast to John the Synoptic accounts have the betrayer dipping (embaptizein) in the same bowl (tryblion) with Jesus. The English translations of Mark generally add the word “bread,” but that addition is an assumption that may or may not be true. Yet

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 12–21, vol. 25B, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2002), 93.

27절) 조각을 받은후 사탄이 유다에게 들어갔고, 주님께서는 유다에게 네가 하고자 하는 일을 속히 하라고 말씀하신다. 

28-29절) 이 주님의 말씀을 다른 제자들(요한과 베드로 제외)은 이해하지 못했다. 그래서 원래 돈궤를 맡았던 유다가 음식을 사러가는지, 아니면 가난한 자들을 돕기 위해서 나갔는지 의아해 했다. 

30절) 유다가 한조각의 떡을 받아먹고 나갔는데 바로 이때가 밤이었다. 밤, 어둠은 요한이 빛과 낮에 대조해서 사용하는 중요한 심상중의 하나이다. 빛의 아들이신 주님이 아니라 어둠의 권세가 지배하는 그런 시간을 의미한다. 

-  And it was night strikes an ominous note (cf. Luke 22:53: “this is your hour, and the power of darkness”). See also Matt. 26:20; Mark 14:17; 1 Cor. 11:23.

 Crossway Bibles, The ESV Study Bible (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008), 2051.

-  It was, indeed, night when Judas departed from the meal, just as it was “winter” when the Festival of Dedication was celebrated (cf. John 10:22). But time and temperature designations signify more than time and temperature. They are pointers to spiritual realities that the careful reader should notice. Winter had come with the attempt by the Jews to kill Jesus, and now finally darkness, about which Jesus had warned his disciples (cf. 11:9–10), had arrived. It would be dark until the dawning of the resurrection appearances began to affect the disciples (cf. 21:4).

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 12–21, vol. 25B, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2002), 95.