요 8:21-30 유대인들에게 자신에 대해서 증거하시는 예수님

²¹ So he said to them again, ^f“I am going away, and ^gyou will seek me, and ^hyou will die in your sin. Where I am going, you cannot come.” 22 So the Jews said, ⁱ“Will he kill himself, since he says, ‘Where I am going, you cannot come’?” 23 He said to them, ^j“You are from below; I am from above. ^kYou are of this world; ^lI am not of this world. 24 I told you that you ^mwould die in your sins, for ⁿunless you believe that ^oI am he you will die in your sins.” 25 So they said to him, ^p“Who are you?” Jesus said to them, “Just what I have been telling you from the beginning. 26 I have much to say about you and much to judge, but ^qhe who sent me is true, and I declare ^rto the world ^swhat I have heard from him.” 27 They did not understand that ^the had been speaking to them about the Father. 28 So Jesus said to them, “When you have ^ulifted up the Son of Man, ^vthen you will know that ^wI am he, and that ^xI do nothing on my own authority, but ^yspeak just as the Father taught me. 29 And ^zhe who sent me is with me. ^zHe has not left me alone, for ^aI always do the things that are pleasing to him.” 30 As he was saying these things, ^bmany believed in him.

 The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton: Standard Bible Society, 2001), 요 8:21–30.

21절) 21절의 죄는 단수로, 24절의 죄는 복수로 사용된다. 

-  The use of the singular “sin” here probably is a condemnation on their unwillingness to believe, but the repetition in the plural (“sins”) at 8:24 means that Jesus rendered his verdict on their evil actions as well.

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 1–11, vol. 25A, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 299.

유대인들을 향한 주님의 말씀은 그분을 따르는 이들에 대한 그분의 약속과 사뭇 다르다. “내가 갈텐데 너듸가 나를 찾다가 죄가운데 죽겠고 내가 가는 곳에 너희가 오지 못할 것이다라고 말한다.” 반면에 요 14:2-3에서는 “ 내 아버지 집에 거할 곳이 많도다 그렇지 않으면 너희에게 일렀으리라 내가 너희를 위하여 거처를 예비하러 가노니 가서 너희를 위하여 거처를 예비하면 내가 다시 와서 너희를 내게로 영접하여 나 있는 곳에 너희도 있게 하리라” 라고 말한다. 

22-24절) 분명한 구분, “너희는 아래서 났고 나는 위에서 났으며 너희는 이 세상에 속하였고 나는 이 세상에 속하지 아니하였다.” 이당시 헬라 문화권의 사람들에게 익숙한 이원론적인 언어를 사용해서 본인이 어디에 속해 있는지를 설명하신다. 주님은 아랫 세상에 속하신 분이 아니다. 주님께서 “내가 그다”라고 말씀하신다. 주님이 그리스도이심을, 하나님의 아들이심을 믿지 아니하면 죄 가운데 죽게된다. 이것은 주님을 믿지 않은 것에 대한 것임과 동시에, 믿음을 통해서 얻게 되는 죄사함을 거절하기에 그들의 죄악속에 죽게 됨을 말하는 것이다. 

25-28절) 다시금 본질적인 질문을 던지는 유대인들 “네가 누구냐?” “나는 처음부터 너희에게 말하여온 자다. 내가 너희에 대해서 말하고 판단할 것이 많지만 나를 보내신 분이 참되시매 내가 그분에게 들은 것을 세상에 말한다” 이 주님의 대답이 아버지 하나님에 대한 것임을 깨닫지 못하는 유대인들. 이에 인자가 들림을 받은 후에 내가 누구인줄 알게 될 것이다. 나는 난 스스로 아무것도 말하지 아니하고 아버지께서 가르치신 것만을 말하는 것을 알게 될 것이다. 

인자의 들림과 높아지심. 

-  So he pointed to his forthcoming death-resurrection (“lifted up”) as the context for recognizing both his “I am-ness” (egō eimi) and his God-directed mission. As such, his authority came from his relationship to the Father (8:28–29). The concept of “lifted up” (hypsoun) in John is the way Jesus referred to the events involved in his glorification (8:28; cf. 3:14; 12:32–34),¹⁸⁰ an expression used to identify his work on earth as the sacrificial Lamb of God who died on the cross and was raised up in victory so that all who believe might have life (cf. the important combination in Isa 52:13 wherein hypsoun and doxazein, “glorify,” both appear).

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 1–11, vol. 25A, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 300.

29절) 나를 보내신 이가 나와 함께 하시도다. 내가 항상 그의 기뻐하시는 일을 행한다. 이 진술은 요한 복음에 계속 반복된다. 

-  Throughout his statements in the Festival Cycle, Jesus had maintained that he was not acting alone but in response to the Father’s will (8:28; cf. 5:19; 6:38; 7:16). But the idea is carried a stage further here in that as Jesus faced the clear prospect of his death, he exhibited a firm conviction that the one who sent him on mission had not abandoned him (contrast Mark 15:34). The agony on the cross in John must thus be understood in light of Jesus’ confidence in the Father’s continuing presence in the midst of the passion. Moreover, the conviction of no abandonment by the Father of the Son is the basis for the Johannine assurance of no abandonment by the Son of his followers (cf. John 14:18).

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 1–11, vol. 25A, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 301.

30절) 이 말씀을 하시매 많은 사람이 믿더라. 

-  This verse is transitional. It serves as the end of this section and the beginning of the next. The evangelist summarized his argument here with the familiar note that many believed (cf. 2:23; 4:39) The studied reader of John, however, has learned that such statements about believing can be double leveled and therefore are not always a conclusive or final evaluation of reality (cf. 2:24; 6:66; 12:42–43).

 Gerald L. Borchert, John 1–11, vol. 25A, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996), 301.