슥 4:1-7 다섯번 째 환상 : 순금 등대와 두 감람나무

4 And ^fthe angel who talked with me came again ^gand woke me, like a man who is awakened out of his sleep. ² And he said to me, “What do you see?” I said, “I see, and behold, ^ha lampstand all of gold, with a bowl on the top of it, and ⁱseven lamps on it, with seven lips on each of the lamps that are on the top of it. ³ And there are ^jtwo olive trees by it, one on the right of the bowl and the other on its left.” ⁴ And I said to ^fthe angel who talked with me, “What are these, my lord?” ⁵ Then the angel who talked with me answered and said to me, ^k“Do you not know what these are?” I said, “No, my lord.” ⁶ Then he said to me, “This is the word of the Lord to ^lZerubbabel: ^mNot by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit, says the Lord of hosts. ⁷ Who are you, ⁿO great mountain? Before ^lZerubbabel ^oyou shall become a plain. And he shall bring forward ^pthe top stone amid shouts of ‘Grace, grace to it!’ ”

 The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton: Standard Bible Society, 2016), 슥 4:1–7.

본문은 5번째 환상을 다룬다. 앞서 4번째 환상이 대제사장이 정결하게 될 것을 보여준다면, 4장은 다윗의 후손인 스룹바벨을 통해서 성전건축이 완성될 것을 말해준다. 

등잔을 통해서 나타난 빛은 그분의 백성들 사이에 그분의 임재와 그분의 영광을 나타낸다. 또한 등대는 하나님의 백성이 그분의 빛을 세상속에 드러내야함을 상징적으로 보여주는 것이다. 

- When properly functioning as the seat of worship, the Lord’s house always had a lampstand providing light within. The tabernacle contained a single golden lampstand lighting the holy place (Exod 25:31–40). Later, the temple possessed ten lampstands made of pure gold, five on each side of the front of the inner sanctuary (1 Kgs 7:49). However, not until Zech 4 does the issue of the lampstand within the Lord’s temple arise again. In each instance, the light produced by the lampstands represents God’s glory and his presence among his people. Moreover, the lampstands may also symbolize the people of God and the role they should play reflecting the Lord’s light to the nations. We will return to the question of the lampstand’s significance at the end of the discussion on v. 14.
 George L. Klein, Zechariah, vol. 21B, The New American Commentary (Nashville, TN: B & H Publishing Group, 2008), 153–154.

본문의 순금 등대를 무엇으로 보는지에 대한 다양한 견해가 있다. 이를 이스라엘 백성으로, 하나님 자신으로 또한 성전을 상징하는 것으로 보기도 한다. 본문의 흐름상으로는 성전으로 보는 것이 합당하다. 

1-3절) 스가랴에게 말하던 천사가 다시 와서 그를 깨우자 마치 잠에서 깬 사람 같았다. 그가 보여준 환상은 바로 순금으로 만든 등잔이었는데 그 위에 기름 그릇이 있고 그 기름 그릇위에 일곱등잔이 있었다. 그 등잔을 위해서 일곱 관이 있었다. 

2절은 순금 등잔대의 모습을 설명해준다. 본문을 어떻게 해석하느냐에 따라서 실제로 등잔이 이 등대에 몇개인지 다르게 해석될 수 있다. 7개. 12개. 49개로 다양한 해석이 가능하다. 중요한 것은 한 등대에 일곱개의 등잔이 있는 것을 상징하는 것으로 예수그리스도 안에 일곱 교회로 해석될 수 있다. 등불을 위해서 기름이 공급되어야 하는데 이 등대에는 감람나무를 통해서 지속적으로 기름이 공급되는 것을 볼 수 있다. 

등잔대 곁에, 좌우에 감람나무가 한그루씩 있었다. 이 감람나무를 통해서 끊이지 않고 계속해서 기름이 공급된다. 

-  The church is a candlestick, set up for the enlightening of this dark world and the holding forth of the light of divine revelation to it. The candle is God’s; the church is but the candlestick, but all of gold, denoting the great worth and excellence of the church of God. This golden candlestick had seven lamps branching out from it, so many sockets, in each of which was a burning and shining light. The Jewish church was but one, and though the Jews that were dispersed, it is probable, had synagogues in other countries, yet they were but as so many lamps belonging to one candlestick; but now, under the gospel, Christ is the centre of unity, and not Jerusalem, or any one place; and therefore seven particular churches are represented, not as seven lamps, but as seven several golden candlesticks, Rev. 1:20. This candlestick had one bowl, or common receiver, on the top, into which oil was continually dropping, and from it, by seven secret pipes, or passages, it was diffused to the seven lamps, so that, without any further care, they received oil as fast as they wasted it (as in those which we call fountain-ink-horns, or fountain-pens); they never wanted, nor were ever glutted, and so kept always burning clear. And the bowl too was continually supplied, without any care or attendance of man; for (v. 3) he saw two olive-trees, one on each side the candlestick, that were so fat and fruitful that of their own accord they poured plenty of oil continually into the bowl, which by two larger pipes (v. 12) dispersed the oil to smaller ones and so to the lamps; so that nobody needed to attend this candlestick, to furnish it with oil (it tarried not for man, nor waited for the sons of men), the scope of which is to show that God easily can, and often does, accomplish his gracious purposes concerning his church by his own wisdom and power, without any art or labour of man, and that though sometimes he makes use of instruments, yet he neither needs them nor is tied to them, but can do his work without them, and will rather than it shall be undone.
 Matthew Henry, Matthew Henry’s Commentary on the Whole Bible: Complete and Unabridged in One Volume (Peabody: Hendrickson, 1994), 1574.

- Since lamps normally burned olive oil in ancient Israel, the presence of the two olive trees probably symbolizes a continual supply of oil to keep the lamps burning. Verse 12 reveals that these trees produce oil that flows unaided into the golden lampstand. Thus, the lampstand did not require human effort to ensure a continual supply of oil.
 George L. Klein, Zechariah, vol. 21B, The New American Commentary (Nashville, TN: B & H Publishing Group, 2008), 156.

4-5절) 스가랴가 천사에게 이것들이 무엇인지 묻는다. 본문에서 스가랴가 묻는 것이 무엇일까? 금등대 환상 자체인지 아니면 두 감람나무가 의미하는 바인지? 천사는 스가랴의 질문에  즉답하지 않고 여호와께서 스룹바벨에게 하신 신탁을 말하고나서 12절에서 두 감람나무의 의미를 설명한다. 이것으로보아 5절의 질문은 감람나무로 보인다. 

- Even though Zechariah knew what he saw, he did not know what the vision signified. Furthermore, the interpreting angel declined to answer Zechariah’s question, something he had not done previously in the book. The effect of delaying his answer to the prophet heightens the importance of the questions Zechariah originally posed. Zechariah would not receive the angel’s response until the final verse of the vision.³⁰⁰
To what does the demonstrative pronoun “these” refer in Zechariah’s question (“What are these?”)? Several suggest that Zechariah asks only about the meaning of the olive trees,³⁰¹ but the text does not clearly indicate that Zechariah’s question was just about the trees. More likely, the prophet wondered what the entire vision connoted, including the particular features in the vision such as the lampstand and olive trees.<sup>302

300</sup> Meyers and Meyers (Zechariah 1–8, 240–41) understand the angel’s question as a taunt to Zechariah, asking aloud how a prophet who has access to the Lord’s throne room does not know the significance of what he observes. While this interpretation is possible, the angel’s response does not make it clear that Zechariah receives a rebuke. Rather, a preferable explanation is that the angel’s question stresses the point the angel desires to underscore.
³⁰¹ Baldwin, Zechariah, 120; Meyers and Meyers, Zechariah 1–8, 240.
³⁰² C. F. Keil and F. Delitzsch, Minor Prophets, reprint ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1980), 265; Mitchell, Zechariah, 162.
 George L. Klein, Zechariah, vol. 21B, The New American Commentary (Nashville, TN: B & H Publishing Group, 2008), 157.

6-7절) 본 신탁은 정치적 지도자인 총독 스룹바벨에게 하신 말씀이다. 바로 스룹바벨이 사람의 힘과 능이 아니라 하나님의 신으로 성전건축을 마무리할 것을 선포하고 있는 것이다. 그런 의미에서 볼때 순금 등대에 계속해서 기름을 공급하는 이상은 성전건축에 필요한 모든 것을 하나님께서 공급해 주심을 의미하며 또한 하나님이 공금해 주시는 것이 바로 하나님의 영이라는 것이다. 결국 인간의 힘이나 능력으로가 아니라 오직 하나님의 능력으로 이 일을 이루실 것을 말하고 있다. 7절의 큰 산은 성전건축에 방해가 되는 장애물을 의미하는데, 이 장애물이 스룹바벨 앞에서 더이상 장애가 아니라 평지가 될 것을 말하고 있는 것이다. 

스룹바벨이 은총을 외치는 무리들 가운데서 그 성전의 머릿돌을 놓게 될 것이다. 결국 성전 건축의 완성을 알리는 마지막 돌을 얹으며 자신들의 힘과 능력이 아니라 하나님의 능으로 이룬 것에 대해서 하나님을 찬양하는 것이다.