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The Baptism of Jesus
rIn those days Jesus scame from Nazareth of Galilee and was baptized by John in the Jordan. 10 And when he came up out of the water, immediately he tsaw uthe heavens being torn open vand the Spirit descending on him like a dove. 11 
And wa voice came from heaven, x“You are my beloved Son;4 with you I am well pleased.”

 The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton: Standard Bible Society, 2016), 막 1:9–11.

특별히 마가복음은 일반적으로 다른 복음서에서 예수의 출생이나 족보에 대해서 기록하는것과 달리 이런 언급(출생, 유년시절, 가족)이 없이 바로 예수의 사역에 집중한다. 

10-11절) 곧(immediately-유티스)은 마가복음에서 매우 자주 사용되는 단어로 신속함, 긴급성을 나타내는데 마가는 어떤 사건으로 갑자기 관심이 바뀔때 주로 이 단어를 사용했다.(42번 사용) 
Immediately is a favorite word of Mark’s (he uses Gk. euthys, “immediately, at once,” 41 times). It imparts a sense of speed and urgency and often introduces a new incident or a surprising turn of events within an   p 1894  incident. The Spirit of God descends upon Jesus in his baptism (see notes on Matt. 3:16; Luke 3:22). Jesus is thus commissioned for a unique service (cf. Isa. 11:2; 42:1; 61:1). Mark’s allusions to the OT here involve Jesus’ claim to be the Son of God (Ps. 2:7) and the servant of God (Isa. 42:1). The heavenly voice confirms the eternal, love-filled Sonship of Jesus (see note on Matt. 3:17). Note that all three persons of the Godhead—the Spirit, the Father, and the Son—are involved here. Crossway Bibles, The ESV Study Bible (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008), 1893–1894.

주님께서 요한으로부터 세례를 받으시고 물에서 올라오실때 하늘이 갈라지고 성령이 비둘기 같이 예수님께 임하였다. 이처럼 하늘이 갈라지는 것은 이제 침묵의 시대를 종결하고 새로운 시대가 임한다는 것을 가시적으로 보여주는 것이다.(사 64:1) 이는 새로운 시대를 알리는데 이후 막 15:38을 통해서 주님이 십자가에서 죽으실때 성소의 휘장이 갈라지는 것과 유사하다. 
- Inasmuch as the word “baptize” means to immerse, the expression “coming up out of the water” almost certainly refers to from beneath the water rather than upon the bank. In the latter part of v. 10 and in v. 11 Mark’s theological concern becomes apparent. First, by implying that Jesus alone saw and heard the supernatural manifestations, Mark provided the first intimation of his secrecy motif. The true identity of Jesus is concealed from the characters of the story, but not from the readers/hearers. Second, by using the expression “heaven being torn open,” he suggested divine intervention and new revelation after a period of silence (cf. Isa 64:1). The expression seems to imply the advent of a new age in which things will be quite different from the old. The same word with the same implication is used again in 15:38 in connection with the tearing of the temple curtain. The dramatic opening of heaven may suggest further that God is accessible to an extent not previously known. The descent of the Spirit is suggested by Isa 61:1, but the source of the comparison of the Spirit to a dove is uncertain because the Old Testament never, and rabbinic literature but rarely, makes the association. Perhaps the source is meditation upon Gen 1:2. James A. Brooks, Mark, vol. 23, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1991), 42–43.

본문에서 말하는 하늘은 일반적으로 하나님께서 말씀하시는 것의 대체어이다. 본문의 ‘내 사랑하는 아들’이라는 표현은 이스라엘 왕의 대관식에서 사용하는 표현으로 이는 예수가 하나님의 아들로 하나님의 새로운 백성들즉 새로운 이스라엘, 이후에 교회로 불리울 이들의 진정한 왕임을 선포하는 것이다. 
- Here the word “heaven” exemplifies the Jewish practice of using substitutes for the divine name. God himself spoke!5 The first part of the heavenly pronouncement reflects Ps 2:7, an enthronement psalm used for the coronation of kings of Israel. There may also be an allusion to the beloved son Isaac, who was intended for a sacrificial death (Gen 22:2). By identifying Jesus as God’s Son, Mark recognized him as the true King of the new people of God, the new Israel, which was later called the church. The second part alludes to Isa 42:1, which is part of the first of the Servant Songs, the most famous of which is 52:13–53:12. Therefore Mark also recognized Jesus as the true Servant of the Lord.
Mark’s treatment of the baptism, though very brief, is important from a theological standpoint. The Gospel opens with a statement that Jesus is the Son of God. At the baptism God himself affirmed that Jesus is his Son. The purpose of both passages—and especially the second—is to inspire the readers/ hearers to acknowledge Jesus as Son of God and to love and take pleasure in him.

5 Some, however, have claimed that it was the Bath Qol, the “daughter of the voice,” a mere echo of the divine voice during the period after prophecy had ceased. With the appearance of John and Jesus, however, prophecy revived.
 James A. Brooks, Mark, vol. 23, The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1991), 43.

하나님께서 이 요한의 세례를 통해서 예수님께서 하나님의 아들이심을 또한 그분을 기뻐하신다는 사실을 확증하고 계신 것이다. 이처럼 이 세례를 예수님의 사역의 시작을 공식적으로 선포하는 중요한 의식이었다. 

그러면 왜 하나님의 아들이신 예수님이, 죄가 없으신 분이 요한의 세례를 받으셨을까? 세례는 교회 공동체 앞에서 죄에 대해서 죽고 의에 대해서 다시 살아난다는 것을 선언하는 것이다. 그런데 죄 없으신 분이 요한의 세례를 받으셨다. 이는 그분이 요한(대제사장 스가랴의 아들-레위 지파의 후손)의 사역을 인정하셨고, 공식적으로 자신의 사역의 시작을 알리기 위해서이다. 주님은 자신이 세례를 받으심으로 말씀하셨던 바 ‘모든 의를 이루는 것이 합당하니라(마 3:15)’는 말씀을 이루기 원하셨다. 


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